First Hop Redundancy Protocols are the Layer 3 answer to resiliency. It adds multiple Layer 3 paths to allow devices to reach their destinations.
First Hop Redundancy Protocols by creating a virtual gateway for the network that is shared between Layer 3 devices. There are many different protocols but three are relevant for the CCNP exam:
- Hot Standby Router Protocol (HSRP)
- Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)
- Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP)